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	<title>Orzeszek Blog &#187; R18+ for games</title>
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	<description>An inchoate upside-down perspective</description>
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		<title>Australians Scared of the Internet, Need Protection</title>
		<link>http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/2009/02/28/australians-scared-of-the-internet-need-protection/</link>
		<comments>http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/2009/02/28/australians-scared-of-the-internet-need-protection/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2009 00:30:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Chris</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[censorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[clean feed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[R18+ for games]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/?p=142</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Senator Stephen Conroy recently confirmed that a bureaucrat will decide what online material offends you and it will be blocked. When only 2% of Labour voters support its filtering policy and 90% of Internet users indicate they would opt out of filtering of adult material, why is the Government pushing forward with this plan?]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p><img src="http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/filter-chart.png" alt="Filtering unsavoury material from the Internet" title="Filtering unsavoury material from the Internet" width="200" height="278" class="alignright size-full wp-image-158 orz-img-no-border" /></p>
<p><span class="drop_cap">T</span>here are many reasons why the proposed mandatory Internet filter in Australia is a joke. One reason is that the government is convinced that adult Australians need a nanny to protect them from offense.</p>
<p>Senator Stephen Conroy <a href="http://www.crikey.com.au/Politics/20090224-Conroy-confesses-web-filtering-will-hit-other-content.html">recently confirmed</a> that a bureaucrat will decide what material offends you and it will be blocked, because you need to be protected from material rated R&nbsp;18+, X&nbsp;18+, or RC. If you don’t want his protection, <a href="http://www.minister.dcita.gov.au/contact">let him know</a>.</p>
<p>It’s a puzzling aspect of the censorship debate that the government is pushing ahead despite so little public support. Australians do not want censorship. The justification for censorship in spite of public opinion is often that availability of immoral material prompts rape and violent crime. However, that view is <a href="http://www.law.stanford.edu/display/images/dynamic/events_media/Kendall%20cover%20+%20paper.pdf">not empirically supported</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>The <a href="http://www.law.stanford.edu/display/images/dynamic/events_media/Kendall%20cover%20+%20paper.pdf">results above</a> suggest that potential rapists perceive pornography as a substitute for rape. With the mass market introduction of the world wide web in the late-1990’s, both pecuniary and non-pecuniary prices for pornography fell. The associated decline in rape illustrated in the analysis here is consistent with a theory, such as that in <a href="http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/POSSER.html">Posner (1994)</a>, in which pornography is a complement for masturbation or consensual sex, which are themselves substitutes for rape, making pornography a net substitute for rape.</p></blockquote>
<p>There is also some interesting empirical evidence showing <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2152487/">a drop in violent crime when violent movies are released</a>, presumably because violent people are too busy watching the movies to be violent themselves. And there is this <a href="http://www.livescience.com/technology/051204_video_violence.html">brief summary of research on the effects of violent video games</a>.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/victorian-anatomical-illustration.jpg"><img src="http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/victorian-anatomical-illustration-200x392.jpg" alt="Victorian anatomical illustration" title="Victorian anatomical illustration" width="200" height="392" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-151 orz-img-border" /></a></p>
<p>Criticism of such research by moralists like <a href="http://www.obscenitycrimes.org/Porn-Crime-Link-RWP.cfm">Robert Peters</a> (not to be confused with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_effects_of_pornography">valid criticism</a> and studies showing that <a href="http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/B/C/K/V/_/nnbckv.pdf">such content has some detrimental effects</a>) consists of statements like ‘“Conclusive scientific data” is not necessary’ and ‘Used for the benefit of mankind, the scientific method is a marvelous tool, but it has limitations’. Indeed, the scientific method has never agreed particularly well with Victorian morality, as demonstrated by the Victorian-era anatomical illustration on the left.</p>
<p>And, for the most part, Australians are not afraid of immoral content and its sociological effects.</p>
<p>The results of <a href="http://whirlpool.net.au/survey/2008/">Whirlpool’s 2008 Australian Broadband Survey</a> show that only 2% of Labour voters supported Labour’s filtering policy. And 90% of respondents indicated that they would opt out of any filter of adult material.</p>
<p>Similarly, the issue that generated the <a href="http://www.classification.gov.au/resource.html?resource=1092&#038;filename=1092.pdf">highest number of complaints</a> to the Classification Board was not that violent material slipped through, but that <a href="http://www.rockstargames.com/IV/">Grand Theft Auto IV</a> had to be toned down to meet Australia’s MA&nbsp;15+ rating because we <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFQ2JbW__rs">do not have an R&nbsp;18+ rating for games</a>.</p>
<p>The fact is that the previous government’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Australia#Net_Alert_Scheme">Net Alert Scheme</a> didn’t fail. People who wanted censorship got it for free. <a href="http://www.news.com.au/technology/story/0,28348,24963394-5014239,00.html">All 26&nbsp;000 of them</a>.</p>
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